feat(R01): architecture foundation, offline fakes and characterization net

EPIC R01 (Team Duy) - safety net before the parallel refactor starts.

R01-T01 docs/architecture/ADR-001-layered-architecture.md
  4-tier boundaries, allowed dependency directions, invariants I1-I6 and
  the strangler-fig migration strategy.
R01-T02 tests/fakes/{fake_provider,fake_tool_executor}.py
  Scripted, offline Provider and extra-tool executor doubles.
R01-T03 scripts/check_imports.py
  AST-based Clean Architecture Guard (CASAN Check 3). Also covers relative
  imports and function-local imports; ASCII-only output for cp932 consoles.
R01-T04 tests/characterization/test_run_cowork.py
  13 snapshot tests pinning run_cowork's current observable contract before
  EPIC R04 moves its orchestration into application/.
R01-T05 docs/architecture/dormant-code.md
  Import-graph scan: 43 unimported modules verified down to 6 genuinely
  dormant items (~1887 LOC); the rest run via subprocess/CLI entry points.

tests/conftest.py binds `cowork_local` to THIS checkout by absolute path -
previously sys.path discovery could import a sibling checkout and the suite
would silently test the wrong code.

Suite: 104 passed, 1.08s (2 pre-existing failures in test_config_security.py
remain - config.py still ships a hardcoded default password, EPIC R02/Team Nam).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

tests/characterization/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+"""Characterization tests: pin the CURRENT behaviour of legacy code (R01-T04).
+
+These are not specifications of what the code *should* do - they are a snapshot
+of what it *does* today, written before the refactor so that any behavioural
+drift introduced while moving logic into ``application/`` shows up as a failing
+test rather than as a bug report from a user.
+
+Rule for this folder: when a test here fails during the refactor, do not "fix"
+the test first. Decide deliberately whether the behaviour change is intended,
+and only then update the snapshot in the same commit as the change.
+"""